NOK Desk

In a striking development that could reshape the political contours of Jammu and Kashmir, former members of the banned Jamaat-e-Islami have taken a decisive step toward integrating into India’s democratic mainstream. The launch of the Justice and Development Forum in Kulgam by ex-members of the socio-religious outfit, once associated with separatist ideologies, marks a bold departure from their past. This transition offers a unique opportunity for the Government of India to reinforce its commitment to peace and inclusivity in a region long plagued by conflict. By backing this move, the government can turn a moment of transformation into a cornerstone of stability and progress.

A Shift from the Past

Jamaat-e-Islami Jammu and Kashmir, established in 1953 as a distinct entity from its Indian and Pakistani counterparts, has historically been a polarizing force. With a strong cadre base and a focus on Islamic governance, it once advocated for self-determination in Kashmir, aligning itself with Pakistan’s narrative during the pre-militancy era. Its influence peaked in the 1970s when it contested elections and won seats, but its trajectory shifted dramatically after the rigged 1987 polls, which many see as a catalyst for the insurgency that followed. By the 1990s, the group distanced itself from electoral politics, and its alleged ties to militancy—most notably as an ideological influence on Hizbul Mujahideen—led to its ban in 2019 under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act.

The emergence of the Justice and Development Forum signals a rupture with this legacy. Unveiled in 2025, the new party explicitly prioritizes grassroots activism, social justice, and development over the ideological battles of the past. “We will go to the grassroots and fight social evils across Kashmir,” its representatives declared, signaling a focus on governance and welfare rather than separatism. This pivot is not merely rhetorical; it reflects a pragmatic response to a changing Jammu and Kashmir, where the abrogation of Article 370 in 2019 and subsequent political realignments have redefined the region’s dynamics.

Why This Matters

The significance of this shift cannot be overstated. For decades, Jammu and Kashmir has been a battleground of competing narratives—between separatism and integration, militancy and peace. The decision by former Jamaat members to form a political party within India’s constitutional framework is a tacit acknowledgment that the future lies in democratic engagement, not armed resistance. It mirrors broader trends in the region, where voter turnout has surged since 2019, and even hardline voices have softened their stance on electoral participation.

This move also challenges the stereotype of Jamaat-e-Islami as an irredeemable radical outfit. While its past cannot be erased, the willingness of its former members to eschew extremism and embrace mainstream politics suggests a desire for redemption and relevance. The Justice and Development Forum’s stated goals—tackling social issues like poverty, education, and healthcare—resonate with the aspirations of ordinary Kashmiris, who have borne the brunt of decades of unrest. If nurtured, this initiative could channel the group’s organizational prowess into constructive ends, weakening the appeal of militancy in the process.

The Case for Government Support

The Government of India stands at a crossroads. It can either view this development with suspicion, doubling down on security measures, or seize it as a chance to build bridges. The latter approach offers greater promise. By supporting the Justice and Development Forum—provided it adheres to legal and democratic norms—the government can achieve several strategic objectives.

First, it would bolster the narrative of integration that New Delhi has pursued since 2019. The abrogation of Article 370 was framed as a step toward unifying Jammu and Kashmir with India. Encouraging reformed Jamaat members to participate in this vision validates that policy, proving that even those once opposed to it can find a place within the Indian fold. This could inspire other sidelined groups to follow suit, diluting the influence of separatist holdouts.

Second, it would enhance grassroots governance. Jammu and Kashmir’s political vacuum has long been exploited by both militants and opportunistic mainstream parties. A new player like the Justice and Development Forum, with its emphasis on local issues, could fill this gap, offering a counterweight to established dynasties like the National Conference and Peoples Democratic Party. Its roots in Jamaat’s extensive network give it a head start in mobilizing communities—a strength the government could harness for development projects.

Third, it aligns with global precedents of reintegration. From Northern Ireland’s IRA to Colombia’s FARC, former militant or radical groups have been successfully brought into democratic systems through incentives and oversight. In India’s own Northeast, former insurgents now hold elected office, contributing to stability. Jammu and Kashmir deserves a similar experiment, tailored to its unique context.

Addressing Concerns

Critics will argue that backing the Forum risks legitimizing a group with a tainted history. Security agencies, already wary of Jamaat’s past, are closely watching its offshoots, and any hint of subversion could reignite tensions. This concern is valid but not insurmountable. The government can mitigate risks by imposing strict conditions—full compliance with the Constitution, transparency in funding, and zero tolerance for extremism. Regular monitoring and dialogue with the Forum’s leadership would ensure accountability without stifling its potential.

There’s also the question of public perception. Some in Kashmir may see this as a betrayal of Jamaat’s original ideals, while others in India might view it as a concession to a former adversary. The government must counter this by framing its support as a victory for democracy, not a compromise. Highlighting the Forum’s focus on welfare over ideology could win over skeptics on both sides.

A Path Forward

The Justice and Development Forum is still in its nascent stages, and its success is far from guaranteed. Its leaders must prove their sincerity through actions—contesting elections, delivering on promises, and staying clear of divisive rhetoric. The government, in turn, should adopt a phased approach: lifting restrictions on Jamaat affiliates who demonstrate good faith, providing platforms for their voices, and integrating them into policy discussions.

This bold move by Jamaat-e-Islami’s reformed members is a rare opening in a region where opportunities for peace are hard-won. The Government of India should back it—not out of naivety, but out of a calculated belief that inclusivity is the strongest weapon against division. By doing so, it can transform a fractured past into a shared future, proving that even in Jammu and Kashmir, the arc of history can bend toward progress.

(writer : Sheikh Mohammad Isa, A famous Kashmiri Writer)

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