Farooq Abdullah: The Political Journey of a Kashmiri Veteran
Farooq Abdullah is one of the most experienced and colourful political leaders in India. For more than forty years, he has been at the centre of politics in Jammu and Kashmir, carrying forward the legacy of his father, Sheikh Abdullah, while also carving out his own distinct identity. Known for his charisma, outspoken nature, and sharp political instincts, Abdullah remains a towering figure in Kashmiri public life.
Early Life and Education
Farooq Abdullah was born on 21 October 1937 in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. He is the eldest son of Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah, also known as the “Lion of Kashmir,” who founded the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference (NC) and played a key role in shaping the state’s political destiny after independence.
Farooq grew up in a politically charged atmosphere but chose medicine as his profession. He studied medicine in India and then went on to the United Kingdom, where he trained further and worked as a doctor. His years abroad gave him both professional skills and exposure to global culture.
Entry into Politics
Though trained as a doctor, Farooq Abdullah’s destiny was tied to politics. After his father Sheikh Abdullah’s death in 1982, Farooq returned fully to public life and was chosen as the President of the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference. Within months, he was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir.
His entry marked a generational shift in Kashmiri politics. Charismatic, tall, and outspoken, Farooq Abdullah quickly became a familiar figure in national politics as well.
Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
Farooq Abdullah served as Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir multiple times:
- 1982–1984: His first term, which ended abruptly after he was dismissed by the then Governor in a dramatic political coup supported by the Centre.
- 1986–1990: His second term saw major challenges, including growing unrest and the rise of militancy in Kashmir. He resigned in 1990 when insurgency peaked.
- 1996–2002: After six years of President’s Rule, Farooq Abdullah returned as CM with a large majority. This period was marked by attempts at normalisation, though violence and instability continued.
Throughout these years, Abdullah’s leadership style was often described as bold and sometimes controversial, but he remained the key face of mainstream politics in Jammu and Kashmir.
Role in National Politics
Farooq Abdullah also made his mark in New Delhi. He was elected several times to the Lok Sabha and served as a Union Minister in the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government under Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. As Union Minister of New and Renewable Energy (2009–2014), he promoted solar and wind energy projects across the country.
His presence in Parliament was never dull—Abdullah became known for his candid speeches, humour, and ability to build friendships across party lines.
Personal Style and Popularity
Farooq Abdullah has always stood out because of his personality. Whether in Kashmir or Delhi, he is known for mixing humour with political sharpness. His frank and often bold statements have landed him in controversies but also won him admirers.
In Kashmir, many see him as a “people’s politician” who connects easily with ordinary citizens. At the same time, his critics argue that his party’s governance did not do enough to resolve deep-rooted problems in the state.
Controversies and Challenges
Farooq Abdullah’s career has not been free of controversy.
- His terms as Chief Minister coincided with some of the most difficult years in Kashmir, especially the rise of militancy in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
- Political opponents have accused him of being too close to New Delhi at times, while others have accused him of not doing enough to check violence.
- In recent years, he has also faced investigations in alleged financial irregularities, including the Jammu and Kashmir Cricket Association (JKCA) case. Abdullah has denied any wrongdoing.
Current Role and Legacy
Even in his late eighties, Farooq Abdullah remains active in politics. He continues to lead the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference and has played an important role in recent political developments, especially after the abrogation of Article 370 in August 2019. He was one of the senior leaders detained during the clampdown but later released, after which he helped form the People’s Alliance for Gupkar Declaration (PAGD) to push for the restoration of Jammu and Kashmir’s special status.
Farooq Abdullah’s legacy is a mix of achievements, controversies, and resilience. He has been a bridge between Kashmir and New Delhi, sometimes criticised, sometimes praised, but always central to the political story of Jammu and Kashmir.
Conclusion
From doctor to chief minister, from national politician to regional elder statesman, Farooq Abdullah’s life is a reflection of the complex history of Jammu and Kashmir itself. Loved and criticised in equal measure, he remains a key voice for his people and one of the most influential Kashmiri leaders of modern times.
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